Publications
Proceedings, refereed
A Scalable Data Collection System for Continuous State of Polarisation Monitoring
In Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). Bucharest/Romania, 2023.Status: Published
A Scalable Data Collection System for Continuous State of Polarisation Monitoring
Our dependency on the telecommunication infrastructure is continuously increasing, as different infrastructures – such as energy and telecommunication – now have mutual dependencies. This calls for increased monitoring of the fibre network, which is a highly critical part of the infrastructure. State of Polarisation (SoP) of light propagating through fibre transmission systems is impacted by any vibrations and mechanical impacts on the fibre. By continuously monitoring the SoP, any unexpected movements of a fibre along a fibre-path may be traced. Movements may be caused by e.g. work in node-rooms impacting patch-cords, trawlers or other types of sub-sea equipment touching or hooking into sub-sea fibre cables, digging close to a fibre-cable, or geophysical phenomena like earthquakes. In this paper, we describe a low-cost, scalable system for SoP monitoring and give examples of patterns monitored in different types of fibre infrastructures. The monitoring system consists of single-unit rack-mount instruments connected to taps from live optical transmission signals. Each instrument has local storage for 1-2 years of data, and is periodically automatically uploading data to a server for backup and data-access purposes. Examples of observed patterns are impact from a thunderstorm on a Fibre-To-The-Home (FTTH) cable, 50 Hz on a fibre-cable spun around a high-voltage power air-cable, as well as animal impact on a patch-cord.
| Afilliation | Communication Systems |
| Project(s) | GAIA, The Center for Resilient Networks and Applications, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, NorNet, SMIL: SimulaMet Interoperability Lab |
| Publication Type | Proceedings, refereed |
| Year of Publication | 2023 |
| Conference Name | Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) |
| Date Published | 07/2023 |
| Place Published | Bucharest/Romania |
| Keywords | Critical Infrastructure, Monitoring, State of Polarisation |
A Scalable Infrastructure for Continuous State of Polarisation Monitoring for Revealing Security and Vulnerability Impacts in Optical Networks
In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL). Graz, Steiermark/Austria: IEEE, 2023.Status: Published
A Scalable Infrastructure for Continuous State of Polarisation Monitoring for Revealing Security and Vulnerability Impacts in Optical Networks
Optical networks are spanning the world. They are the main medium for carrying all types of data-traffic. From a vulnerability and security perspective, it is therefore the most important part of the network to protect against any physical impacts that may cause disruptions or security incidents. In this paper, we demonstrate and describe a scalable, low-cost monitoring system based on detecting the state of polarisation in the fibre cables. We give examples on how any direct movement of fibre-cables or fibre-cords as well as indirect vibrations on the cable can be detected, and how basic characteristics in the patterns can be used for recognition of these events.
| Afilliation | Communication Systems |
| Project(s) | The Center for Resilient Networks and Applications, GAIA, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, NorNet, SMIL: SimulaMet Interoperability Lab |
| Publication Type | Proceedings, refereed |
| Year of Publication | 2023 |
| Conference Name | Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL) |
| Date Published | 07/2023 |
| Publisher | IEEE |
| Place Published | Graz, Steiermark/Austria |
| Keywords | Hardware, Infrastructure, Monitoring, Software, State of Polarisation |
Detecting Physical Impacts by Monitoring State of Polarisation in a Live Fibre-To-The-Home Data-Communication Air-Cable
In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS). Hamamatsu, Shizuoka/Japan: OPTICA, 2023.Status: Accepted
Detecting Physical Impacts by Monitoring State of Polarisation in a Live Fibre-To-The-Home Data-Communication Air-Cable
Heavy wind may tear cables down, damaging infrastructure, triggering outage in data-communication networks. We demonstrate local observations of wind in the access-network, monitoring State of Polarisation in a live Fiber-To-The-Home air-cable.
| Afilliation | Communication Systems |
| Project(s) | GAIA, SMIL: SimulaMet Interoperability Lab, The Center for Resilient Networks and Applications, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, NorNet |
| Publication Type | Proceedings, refereed |
| Year of Publication | 2023 |
| Conference Name | Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS) |
| Date Published | 11/2023 |
| Publisher | OPTICA |
| Place Published | Hamamatsu, Shizuoka/Japan |
| Keywords | Fibre-To-The-Home, Monitoring, State of Polarisation |